(VOVWORLD) -Vietnam, with strong determination and will, is entering a new era, the era of national prosperity and strength, encompassingtwo millennial development milestones in 2030 and 2045. To achievethese goals, Vietnam has recently promulgatedfour resolutions with breakthrough visions that reshape thinking, perception, and action. The “Resolution Quartet” aims to propel the country forward in the coming years.
 Conference on Resolution 66 and Resolution 68 convened on May 18, 2025 (Photo: Van Hieu/VOV) |
Resolution 57, Resolution 59, Resolution 66, and Resolution 68 share the goal of building a solid foundation for Vietnam’s rapid and sustainable development to become a high-income, developed country by 2045.
Resolution 57 identifies science, technology, innovation, and digital transformation as the new growth pillar. Resolution 59 focuses on expanding the development space through international integration. Resolution 66 requires finetuning the legal framework to ensure transparency, modernity, and the protection of human and citizen rights. Resolution 68 promotes the private sector as a central engine of the economy.
A major shift in mindset
The one thing the four resolutions have in common is a forward-thinking development mindset. Dr. Nguyen Hong Hai of VinUniversity and a Fulbright scholar says this is a major and comprehensive shift in Vietnam’s strategic thinking, which is built on the achievements of 40 years of reform and is aligned with global trends.
"This mindset reform marks a very strong shift, stemming from Vietnam’s development needs. Once we reach a certain level, we must continue to innovate or risk stagnation and falling behind, as Party General Secretary To Lam has repeatedly said. It stems also from changes in the region and the world, across political, diplomatic, scientific, and technological dimensions," said Mr. Hai.
These resolutions are rooted in realities and the urgent need to propel the country forward in modernization and integration, setting out breakthrough changes with a broad vision. Immediately after Resolution 68 was issued, many experts called it the most powerful reform declaration for the private sector since Vietnam began its renewal process. For the first time, the Politburo clearly mentioned the need to "eliminate prejudice," "recognize entrepreneurs as soldiers on the economic front," and "hand over genuine ownership and competitive rights" to the private sector.
Resolution 68 does not assign specific projects to private players. Instead, it requests that institutional barriers be removed so that anyone, from small businesses to large corporations, can compete on an equal footing. Another critical breakthrough to prevent the criminalization of economic relations. For private businesses, this is a powerful signal and commitment to untie institutional constraints. Here are three of their opinions:
"Resolution 68 gives manufacturers new hope and greater expectations by addressing major bottlenecks that hinder their development."
"Resolution 68 gives the business community more confidence to expand investment activities, present new ideas, and implement new projects."
"Resolution 68 resolves long-standing issues and transforms the entire system of thinking and solutions. It is timely and promotes real development."
 Party General Secretary To Lam (Photo: Van Hieu/ VOV)
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With a firm determination to keep outdated mindsets from obstructing progress, Resolution 57 offers new mechanisms and policies to enable overseas Vietnamese intellectuals to contribute to Vietnam.
Dr. Nguyen Hong Hai went on: "I believe that if we can combine the intellectual strength and economic resources of overseas Vietnamese with domestic capacity, we will create enormous power for national development. Vietnam’s path to prosperity and power will be shortened and far more sustainable."
Turning aspirations into actions
At the National Conference to Implement Resolutions 66 and 68 on May 18, General Secretary To Lam emphasized that 2025 is a pivotal year as Vietnam is just two decades away from its goal of becoming a developed country. If Vietnam fails to speed up reforms now, it risks missing a golden opportunity and falling behind in the global race.
Mr. Lam said the mindset, vision, and awareness are already in place, Vietnam now needs to take decisive actions. The four strategic resolutions are the first step toward turning vision and awareness into reality.
Without a transparent legal framework (Resolution 66), the private sector (Resolution 68) will struggle to grow, science and technology (Resolution 57) will lack an enabling environment for innovation, and international integration (Resolution 59) will be less effective.