The agreement stipulates that an armed attack against any of the three would be regarded as an attack on all, they said in a joint statement.

While the statement did not give specifics on the commitments or obligations each had accepted under the "Mecca Joint Defence Agreement", it said the pact was ​aimed at strengthening their collective security and promoting peace, security and stability in the region and beyond.

However, the statement did not give specifics on the commitments each ​had accepted and it was not clear how far their agreement would bind them to any particular military action in each other's defence.

Turkish Vice President Cevdet Yilmaz said the ​agreement was not aimed at any specific country. A Turkish official added that it was purely defensive and did not abrogate any existing agreements the ⁠countries had with other states.

Turkey has NATO's second-largest military. Saudi Arabia, the strongest Gulf state, is one of the world's top oil exporters, while Pakistan is the only nuclear-armed Muslim country.