In an interview with the Vietnam News Agency correspondent in Beijing, Professor Qu said among the four directions, the most notable is Vietnam's shift from "organisational reform" to "improving governance effectiveness."

Regarding the goal of unified management of national resources, he said that integrated planning and management would help address fragmented resource allocation while creating greater synergy in implementing major development projects.

He described the direction of enhancing the operational capacity of the Party and the political system as "an upgrade of the governance system's software."

Professor Qu added that development driven by knowledge, science and technology is a crucial pathway for Vietnam to transform its growth model, overcome the middle-income trap, and move towards becoming a high-income country.